Моделирование возникновения и роста опухолей - I
УДК 517:612.6
Аннотация
По количеству смертей во всем мире онкологические заболевания обогнали сердечно-сосудистые. Развитие злокачественных опухолей начинается с мутаций генов, которые приводят к росту числа патологических клеток и их миграции к другим частям человеческого организма (метастазы). Затем раковые клетки вмешиваются в работу организма, что в конечном итоге приводит к смерти. Существует около двухсот разновидностей онкологических заболеваний, которые классифицируются по источнику происхождения. Большинство из них имеют общие черты и свои специфические особенности. В данном обзоре рассматриваются математические модели неспецифических опухолей в тканях. Последние учитывают конститутивную природу ткани и потребность растущей опухоли в вовлечении кровеносных сосудов. Излагается общий многомасштабный подход, включающий в себя клеточный цикл и мутацию неспецифических генов. Описываются основные методы и общие особенности моделирования роста опухолей. Цель первой части обзора — выявление некоторых тенденций и проблем в области моделирования рака на основе многофазных и многомасштабных моделей.
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