The Reasons for Formation and Stages of Settling of the Irtysh Ten Verst Space (the 18th — the First Half of the 19th Centuries)

Abstract

In the submitted article the author analyzes the reasons and stages of settling of the Irtysh Ten Verst space, an integral part of the Priirtyshje. The cause for formation of this region was a difficult foreign policy situation in the south–east direction, namely activization of the foreign policy of China in it is Central Asian direction, an unstable situation in Dzungaria and in the Kazakh zhuzas. The current situation in the middle of the 18th century resulted in the fact that Russia had to create the Ob-Irtysh Entre Rios of defensive lines to protect the borders. This strategy was caused by the need to preserve positions for this region and its further development. Establishing of the Irtysh borderline ambit and then of the border region assumed expansion and establishment of new borders of the Russian Empire due to colonization and development of the Kazakh lands. Studying of a boundary problem gave the grounds to claim that settling of the Irtysh ten verst space was carried out in two stages. In the first half of the 18th century the movement of Kazakhs in Priirtyshje was followed by military collisions and the conflicts with Cossacks. The second stage the 80s of the 18th century — the first half of the 19th centuries in most cases had a peaceful character, the imperial government allowed Kazakhs to pass through the Irtysh borderline for constant movement. Conclusions of the author are supported with the sources revealed in archival funds of the State Archive of the Omsk region and for the first time are introduced for scientific use.

DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2017)2-26