Chepraks and Potniks for Riding Horses among the Bashkirs: Traditions and Innovations
УДК 39(470.57) ББК 63.5(=632.2)+63.3(2Рос.Баш)
Abstract
The article deals with potniks and chepraks (sergetesh) made of felt and fabric for riding horses among Bashkirs in the southeastern part of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Abzelilovsky, Baymaksky, Burzyansky, Beloretsky, Uchalinsky districts) and their use in the 20th — early 21st centuries. The source base of the study was the author's field materials collected in the study area in 2010, 2019, 2023. In the past, men, women and children used these items during horseback riding. It was revealed that there were everyday and festive (wedding) chepraks and potniks. Men's and women's festive items were decorated with applique, embroidery and machine stitching. Decorative design of chepraks had local peculiarities. Sergetesh was included in the bride's dowry until the 70-80s of the 20th century. Earlier sergelets were put on the horse during the bride's move to her husband's house. Later a felt serge with a cover (sometimes without a cover) began to be put in sleighs or carts for wedding guests. In the 80-90-ies of the 20th century, the horses of the wedding guests were decorated with new-made chepraks. It is established that nowadays modern craftswomen sew fabric chepraks for cars, however, they preserve traditional ways of their decoration.
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