Iranian-Turkmen Relations in the 21st Century: Evolution and Contemporary State
Abstract
The collapse of the Soviet Union opened a new, very promising direction of activity for Iranian foreign policy — Central Asia. The Iranian authorities hoped to strengthen the country's international status by establishing partnerships with the countries of Central Asia. Though Iran and Tajikistan shared similar ethnic and cultural traditions, surprisingly, neighboring Turkmenistan had become the most significant partner for Iran among the countries of Central Asia. The main areas of cooperation between the two countries were the formation of cross-border transport infrastructure in the framework of the creation of the international North — South transport corridor, as well as energy, gas and oil production and export. Iran's policy in Central Asia was characterized by balance and pragmatism. Tehran did not allow any drastic steps even during the "gas conflict" with Turkmenistan. Turkmenistan's position was no less pragmatic, as it retained a wide range of cooperation with Iran and at the same time made a strategic choice in favor of cooperation with China. Cooperation between Iran and Turkmenistan has a stabilizing effect on the complex of interstate relations in the Central Asian region.
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