Problems of Protection of Witnesses from Disclosing Party Confidants: Criminal Procedure Aspect
Abstract
The article examines the problem of protection of persons who, in accordance with the law, express their consent to provide secret support to the operative-investigative authorities in the disclosure of crimes, and in the future to act as witnesses in criminal cases. It is noted that at present the results of the operational-search activity are increasingly the basis for the formation of evidence, but they are not always used in full. A set of measures is disclosed that are used to conceal information about the identity of witnesses and confidants and ensure their safety: the use of a pseudonym, investigative and judicial interrogation without visual contact, etc. The conclusion is justified that, despite the existence of norms in the modern criminal procedure legislation that provide for the possibility of taking security measures for the participants in criminal proceedings, including confidential employees, the number of problematic issues in law enforcement practice is not decreasing. It is proposed to legislatively fix additional guarantees for the protection of the witness category under consideration: mandatory consent of the most "hidden" witness when the court makes a decision on his declassification; the possibility of interrogating a witness from among confidential persons by an operational employee, with whom he is connected; the possibility of interrogation without visual contact only by video transmission; the right not to answer questions that may lead to violations of the rules of conspiracy; the empowerment of courts only with the power to transfer the questions of the defendant or his defender to a "hidden" witness and receive replies from him during the court session, and others.
DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2018)3-06
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