Dekulakization and Collectivization in the Krasnoyarsk Territory: from the «Radical Fracture» to the Correction of «Kinks in the Field»

УДК 94(571.5).084 ББК 63.3(2Рос-4Крн)61

Abstract

The theme of the policy of "eliminating the kulaks as a class", carried out during forced collectivization, is relevant both for historians and for modern Russian society. At the present stage of the study, the analysis of the dekulakization practice that was carried out in the beginning of 1930, both on the scale of the entire Soviet Union and within individual regions, remains relevant. The article considers the policy of "eliminating the kulaks as a class" on the territory of the districts that are currently part of the modern Krasnoyarsk territory on the basis of documents from the Krasnoyarsk state archive. The focus of attention is on forced collectivization in the in the Sukhobuzimsky, Yeniseysky, Uyarsky, Partizansky, Balakhtinsky, Abansky, novoselovsky, Pirovsky, Kazachinsky, Yeniseysky, More-Murtinsky, Kansk, Achinsky, Mansky and Krasnoyarsk districts in the period from December 1929 to April 1930. It is concluded that dekulakization in these areas allowed for a high percentage of collectivization of farms, but under the pressure of widespread peasant resistance, both the Union leadership and the leadership of the considered areas of the modern Krasnoyarsk territory were forced to temporarily suspend the process of repression and to carry out demonstrative punishment of local leaders for excesses committed during the policy of dekulakization. After the condemnation of excesses, the outflow of peasant farms from collective farms began. As a result, the article partially defines the regional specifics of the dekulakization process in December 1929 — April 1930 in the regions located on the territory of the modern Krasnoyarsk territory.