Gornovsky Burial Ground in the Pre-Urals Region and Some Issues Synchronization of Archaeological Sites of Chiyalik Culture and Makushin Type
УДК 903.57 ББК 63.444(235.54)
Abstract
The transformation of pagan funeral rituals in the period of the spread of the Islamic religious system among the Ural Ugrians — the carriers of the Chiyalik culture — occurs at the turn of the 12th-13th centuries. This transition was demonstrated in relief by E.P. Kazakov on the materials of the Taktalachuk and I Azmetev burial grounds, which preserved pagan relics in the ritual rules. Monuments with established early Muslim burial rites of the 13th-14th centuries are much less covered. This may be due to the standardization of burial procedures, a certain “template” demonstrating a seeming unity within the boundaries of the necropolis, the absence of material complexes and various ritual manipulations. However, in order to clarify the time of the final establishment of Islam in the South Urals, it is important to publish and analyze each studied necropolis, which is the subject of this article, which presents data from the Gornovsky burial ground, located on a swampy and partially forested terrace on the left bank of the Dema River. During excavations, a total of 33 burials were studied. Within the framework of relative chronology the necropolis is dated 13th-14th centuries. The available absolute dates obtained from human bones from burials No. 2 and No. 4 allow us to attribute the time of the cemetery functioning to the period between 1221-1264.
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