Secret Operations of British Special Services in Yemen (1962-1964)
УДК 327.8(420) ББК 66.4(08)
Abstract
This article is dedicated to the use of secret operations carried out either by British special services themselves or under their control in Yemen and neighboring areas during the early period of the civil war in Yemen in 1962-1964. These operations included the assassination of Egyptian officers and advisors working in the Yemeni Republic, the supply of weapons and ammunition to border tribes loyal to the British Crown, road mining in Yemeni territory, sabotage of critical military and civilian infrastructure, bombing of Yemeni territory, incitement of tribal unrest in the Yemen Arab Republic, and the preparation and dissemination of compromising material against republican leaders. A significant portion of these operations were carried out by Britain not directly, but through the use of mercenary groups, whose actions even prompted the English themselves to characterize them as bandits. The main goal of such operations was to maintain a stalemate situation in the civil war in Yemen, which was beneficial to Britain, seeking to preserve its influence in South Arabia, where the British colony of Aden was located.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Almadhagi A.N.K. Yemen and the United States: A Study of a Small Power and Super-state Relationship 1962-1994. L., N.Y.: I.B. Tauris Publishers, 1996. 234 p.
Stookey R. Yemen: The Politics of the Yemen Arab Republic. Boulder: Westview Press, 1978. 322 p.
Aldrich R. The Hidden Hand: Britain, America and Cold War Secret Intelligence L.: John Murray 2001. 733 p.
Dorril S. MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service. N.Y.: A Touchstone Book, 2000. 907 p.
Mawby S. The Clandestine Defence of Empire: British Special Operations in Yemen, 1951-64 // Intelligence & National Security. 2002. Vol. 17. № 3. P. 105-130.
Jones C. “Among Ministers, Mavericks and Mandarins”: Britain, Covert Action and the Yemen Civil War, 1962-64 // Middle Eastern Studies. 2004. Vol. 40. №1. P. 99-126.
Holt M. Memories of Arabia and Empire: An Oral History of the British in Aden // Contemporary British History. 2004. Vol. 18. №4. P. 93-112.
Лекаренко О.Г., Румянцев В.П. США, Суэцкий кризис 1956 г. и развитие европейской интеграции // Американские исследования в Сибири. Вып. 10. Томск : Изд-во ТГУ, 2009. С. 127-138.
The National Archives of the United Kingdom (NAUK). FO 371/156939. “Soviet Black Activities in Yemen”. February 1961.
Примаков Е.М. Конфиденциально: Ближний Восток на сцене и за кулисами (вторая половина ХХ — начало XXI вв.). М. : ИИК «Российская газета», 2006. 384 с.
Gause III F.G. Saudi-Yemeni Relations: Domestic Structures and Foreign Influence. N.Y.: Columbia Univ. Press, 1990. 233 p.
Голубовская Е.К. Революция 1962 г. в Йемене. М. : Наука. Главная редакция восточной литературы, 1971. 207 с.
Harold Macmillan Papers. Diaries. Oxford. The Bodleian Library. MSS. Macmillan. Second Series. dep. d. 47. October 6, 7, 19, 1962.
Hinchcliffe P, Ducker J.T., Holt M. Without Glory in Arabia: The British Retreat from Aden. L. and N.Y.: I.B. Tau-ris, 2006. 327 p.
Gandy C. A Mission to Yemen: August 1962 — January 1963 // British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 1998. Vol. 25. № 2. P. 247-274.
Orkaby A. The Yemeni Civil War: The Final British-Egyptian Imperial Battleground // Middle Eastern Studies. 2015. Vol. 51. No. 2. P. 195-207.
NAUK. CO 1015/2597. Ch. Johnston to D. Sandys. November 6, 1962.
NAUK. DEFE 25/128. D. Sandys to Ch. Johnston. November 12, 1962.
NAUK. DEFE 25/128. D. Sandys to Ch. Johnston. November 2, 1962.
NAUK. PREM 11/4928. Ch. Johnston to D. Sandys. March 6, 1963.
NAUK. PREM 11/4928. Telegram Number 501 of 5th March 1963 from Nairobi, Repeated to Aden.
NAUK. CO 1055/194. K. Trevaskis to D. Sandys. April 20, 1964.
NAUK. CO 1015/216. Roberts Minute. April 8, 1964.
British Documents on the End of Empire. Series A. Vol. 4. The Conservative Government and the End of Empire, 1957-1964. Part I. High Policy, Political and Constitutional Change. L.: The Stationary Office, 2000. 825 p.
O’Ballance E. The War in Yemen. L.: Faber and Faber, 1971. 218 p.
NAUK. PREM 11/4678. A. Home to R. Butler. March 20, 1964.
NAUK. DEFE 13/570. Hockaday to P. Thorneycroft. July 20, 1964.
NAUK. DEFE 13/570. Thorneycroft Minute. June 25, 1964.
Copyright (c) 2024 Владимир Петрович Румянцев
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Izvestiya of Altai State University is a golden publisher, as we allow self-archiving, but most importantly we are fully transparent about your rights.
Authors may present and discuss their findings ahead of publication: at biological or scientific conferences, on preprint servers, in public databases, and in blogs, wikis, tweets, and other informal communication channels.
Izvestiya of Altai State University allows authors to deposit manuscripts (currently under review or those for intended submission to Izvestiya of Altai State University) in non-commercial, pre-print servers such as ArXiv.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).